Population and focus group composition
| Focus groups | Participants (n) | Age (years), mean (range) | Female, n (%) | Work experience in paediatrics (years), mean (range) | Surgical ward, n (%) |
| Nurses | 7 | 40 (26–49) | 7 (100) | 15 (3–26) | 3 (43) |
| Ward physicians | 6 | 47 (30–61) | 4 (66) | 19 (4–33) | 3 (50) |
| Nurse managers | 6 | 42 (30–51) | 6 (100) | 21 (8–36) | 2 (33) |
| Paediatric intensive care unit physicians | 4 | 48 (42–58) | – | 17 (11–29) | – |
| Parents | 5 | 43 (35–50) | 2 (40) | 5 (100) | |
| Parents | 4 | 43 (33–49) | 2 (50) | 3 (75) | |
| Total | 32 |