Abstract
Aim Bullying is considered an adverse childhood event and can cause long term health implications in affected children. Paediatricians can play a pivotal role in identifying it and being active advocates for tackling this issue. This involves understanding the issue itself and then having a good understanding of evidence based programs to provide trauma informed care. In Ireland, where a unified, evidence-based approach to bullying prevention is lacking, this issue poses a unique challenge. Existing literature emphasizes the need for systemic approaches that encompass school policy, student education, and community involvement to effectively combat bullying. This meta-analysis explores the spectrum of bullying victimization, the effectiveness of various interventions, and the long-term impacts of bullying. It reveals the complex interplay among different victimization types and underscores the efficacy of comprehensive, multi-tiered school-based programs. These interventions show promise in preventing the pervasive issue of bullying.
Material and Method This meta-analysis reviews 16 studies focusing on various bullying victimization types, including physical, verbal, and cyberbullying. The interventions examined range from individual-based approaches like cognitive-behavioral therapy to systemic strategies like the KiVa and TEI programs. Outcome measures included self and peer-reported questionnaires assessing the prevalence of bullying, student well-being, and the perceived effectiveness of interventions.
Results The studies reviewed indicate that KiVa and TEI can significantly reduce bullying incidents by up to 80%. These programs, which involve a combination of curriculum teaching, staff training, and student involvement, have received positive feedback from educators for their holistic approach and practical applicability in reducing bullying.
Conclusions The effectiveness of structured programs like KiVa and TEI provides a promising framework for implementing bullying prevention programs in Ireland. However, there is a need for ongoing research to adapt these programs to Ireland’s cultural context, and paediatricians should be vocal advocates of these programs to mitigate the adverse long term effects of bullying in children.