Table 3

Cox regression models of indicators of depression and different forms of substitute care

Model 1Model 2Model 3
HR (95% CI)HR (95% CI)HR (95% CI)
Antidepressive medication
 General population111
 Domestic adoptees1.19 (1.00 to 1.43)1.12 (0.93 to 1.34)1.13 (0.94 to 1.35)
 International adoptees1.13 (1.08 to 1.18)1.06 (1.01 to 1.11)1.05 (1.00 to 1.10)
 Foster children2.07 (1.87 to 2.28)1.64 (1.47 to 1.83)1.44 (1.29 to 1.61)
Hospital care
 General population111
 Domestic adoptees0.93 (0.63 to 1.38)0.85 (0.57 to 1.27)0.86 (0.58 to 1.29)
 International adoptees1.45 (1.34 to 1.57)1.32 (1.22 to 1.44)1.30 (1.19 to 1.41)
 Former foster children2.85 (2.42 to 3.35)2.01 (1.68 to 2.41)1.62 (1.35 to 1.94)
  • Model 1 is adjusted for gender, year of birth and urban/rural residency.

  • Model 2 is also adjusted for mean grade point averages in ninth grade.

  • Model 3 is also adjusted for income in quintiles and employment/being a student in young adulthood.