Table 2

Univariable regression analyses of PWV on demographic, anthropometric and cardiometabolic variables

	n	Coefficient	β	p Value
Age	146	0.12	0.22	<0.01
Female sex (reference male)	146	−0.19	−0.08	0.34
Pubertal stage (reference late/complete)	146
pre/early (1&2)		−0.15	0.01	0.68
mid (3/4)		−0.12	0.61	0.67
Ethnicity (reference white)	146	0
Black		0.42	0.17	0.07
South Asian		0.67	0.23	0.01
Mixed other		0.18	0.05	0.60
Current smoker		0.27	0.07	0.43
Ever smoked		0.15	0.06	0.47
Height z	146	−0.13	−0.11	0.18
zBMI	146	0.44	0.20	0.01*
Fat mass index	144	0.05	0.18	0.03*
Waist-z	146	0.27	0.17	0.04*
SAD	132	0.06	0.18	0.04*
Systolic z	146	0.02	0.02	0.83
Diastolic z	146	0.08	0.08	0.33
Cholesterol	146	0.16	0.12	0.16
High cholesterol vs low	146	−0.35	−0.11	0.20
HDL	142	0.16	0.03	0.68
Low HDL vs high	142	- 0.63	−0.17	0.04*
Triglycerides	145	0.24	0.13	0.13
Abnormal triglycerides vs normal	145	0.52	0.17	0.04*
ALT	146	0.01	0.14	0.08
Fasting glucose	146	0.04	0.02	0.86
HbA1c	146	0.23	0.07	0.38
Fasting insulin	146	0.01	0.06	0.50
Abnormal insulin vs normal	146	0.17		0.50
HOMA-IR	146	0.01	0.01	0.76
Abnormal HOMA-IR vs normal	146	0.03	0.01	0.91

*Statisically significant, p<0.05.
BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; FMI, fat mass index; HbA1c, haemoglobin 1c; HOMA, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance; PWV, pulse wave velocity; SAD, anterior-posterior sagittal abdominal dimension; z, z-score.