Region | All regions | Africa All | North Africa | Sub-Saharan Africa | Asia | Middle East |
Infectious diseases | ||||||
Hepatitis B | 2.6% | 4.5% | 1.8% | 7.7% | 3.3% | 0.1% |
95% CI | (1.6 to 3.7) | (0.8 to 10.8) | (0.0 to 6.9) | (4.5 to 11.6) | (2.5 to 4.1) | (0.0 to 0.4) |
Studies | 16 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 7 | 3 |
n | 19 196 | 4329 | 3033 | 238 | 3941 | 1415 |
Hepatitis C | 0.2% | 2.1% | 0.0% | |||
95% CI | (0.0 to 1.2) | (0.0 to 0.8) | ||||
Studies | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
n | 1415 | 384 | 384 | |||
HIV | 0.03% | 0.0 % | ||||
95% CI | (0.0 to 0.3) | |||||
Studies | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
n | 2165 | 36 | ||||
Active TB | 0.2% | 0.4% | 0.0% | |||
95% CI | (0.0 to 0.5) | |||||
Studies | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
n | 162 100 | 277 | 36 | |||
Latent TB, IGRA | 11.3% | 10.2% | 13.9% | 15.5% | 12.4% | 4,7% |
95% CI | (9.4 to 13.3) | (9.5 to 15.6) | ||||
Studies | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 |
n | 3291 | 354 | 538 | 58 | 1538 | 257 |
Latent TB, Mantoux | 19.3% | 21.6% | 34.4% | 19.5% | 15.1% | 5.9% |
95% CI | (11.04 to 29.3) | (8.4 to 23.4) | ||||
Studies | 8 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
n | 33 317 | 225 | 3375 | 205 | 3738 | 696 |
Schistosomiasis | 9.5% | 20.6% | 7.1% | 21.7% | 2.5% | 0.9% |
95% CI | (5.6 to 14.4) | (12.6 to 29.9) | (0.0 to 24.8) | (16.8 to 27.1) | (1.0 to 4.5) | (0.3 to 1.6) |
Studies | 10 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 |
n | 3292 | 433 | 109 | 452 | 898 | 1136 |
Strongyloides | 10.4% | 5.1% | 10.3% | 16.8% | 8.3% | 8.7% |
95% CI | (4.8 to 17.7) | (0.0 to 18.0) | (0.8 to 27.5) | (1.6 to 41.7) | (2.2 to 17.4) | (4.0 to 14.7) |
Studies | 8 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 2 |
n | 3798 | 431 | 873 | 261 | 1855 | 120 |
Intestinal infections | 31.0% | 60.6% | 23.2% | 35.6% | 32.2% | 20.8% |
95% CI | (22.1 to 40.6) | (12.5 to 98.0) | (12.5 to 36.0) | (17.0 to 56.6) | (13.3 to 54.8) | (16.8 to 25.1) |
Studies | 15 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 4 |
n | 12 723 | 246 | 442 | 509 | 2835 | 1609 |
Malaria | 2.6% | 6.1% | 0.0% | 2.6% | 0.5% | 0.0% |
95% CI | (0.7 to 5.4) | (2.0 to 12.3) | (0.0 to 2.1) | |||
Studies | 6 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 |
n | 2408 | 541 | 56 | 194 | 574 | 625 |
IGRA, interferon-ƴ release assay; TB, tuberculosis.