Study results
| Author, year | Description of intervention | Intervention targeted at treating pain? | Pain measure used | Change in pain score following intervention |
| Crawley et al, 201318201819 | Lightning Process course of 3×4 hour sessions on consecutive days in small groups | No | Pain Visual Analogue Scale |
I
ntervention group
ver
s
us
control group
−9.3 (−21.1 to 2.6), p=0.124 at 6 months −6.5 (−19.4 to 6.5), p=0.321 at 12 months |
| Knoop et al, 200720(Analysis of data from Stulemeijer et al, 2005)41 | CBT 10 sessions in 5 months Two CBT protocols were used. One was for patients with a passive physical activity pattern and another for relatively active patients. | No | Mean Daily Observed Pain (DOP) score calculated from a Likert scale of 1 (no pain) to 4 (very severe pain) done 4× per day for 12 days. % of patients with pain level within range of healthy controls defined as DOP score <2.3. |
Change in DOP score of CBT group
v
ersus
waiting list control
−2.21 (SD=3.85) vs −0.36 (SD=2.19) T=−2.44, p=0.04 % of participants with DOP score within range of healthy controls in CBT group v e r s us waiting list group 56% vs 29% (χ² 4.38, df=1, p=0.04) |
| Nijhof et al, 201321 | CBT 6-month course of either internet-based (FITNET) or face-to-face CBT | No | Mean DOP score calculated from a Likert scale of 1 (no pain) to 4 (very severe pain) done 4× per day for 12 days. Average pressure pain threshold (kg). |
Recovered group
v
e
r
s
us
non-recovered group
Average DOP −2.9 (−4.2 to 1.6), p=<0.001 Average pain threshold +1.2 (0.2–2.2), p=0.019 |
| Sulheim et al, 201422 | 9 weeks’ daily oral clonidine hydrochloride | No | Brief Pain Inventory average pain score |
Clonidine group
versus
placebo group
0.5 (−0.16 to 1.16), p=0.14 at week 8 0.4 (−0.4 to 1.1), p=0.32 at week 30 |
| van Geelen et al, 201123 | Self-confrontation method 6 or 12 sessions | No | CHQ-87 Bodily Pain Subscale |
Change in bodily pain score at
4
months
6 sessions 11.8 (SD 28.1), p=>0.05 12 sessions 22.7 (SD 22.5), p=<0.05 Healthy controls 4.0 (SD 13.5), p=>0.05 |
CBT, cognitive–behavioural therapy; CHQ, Child Health Questionnaire; FITNET, Fatigue in Teenagers on the Internet.