Characteristics of patients and the care delivered at their initial palate repair
| Characteristic | No. (%) |
| Total | 4939 |
| Sex | |
| Male | 3144 (64) |
| Female | 1795 (36) |
| Race | |
| White | 3374 (68) |
| Black | 322 (7) |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 342 (7) |
| American Indian | 66 (1) |
| Other | 589 (12) |
| Not specified | 246 (5) |
| Median annual household income of ZIP code | |
| $33 525 or less (<1.5 FPL*) | 1230 (25) |
| $33 526–$44 700 (1.5–2 FPL) | 1555 (32) |
| $44 701–$67 050 (2–3 FPL) | 1527 (31) |
| $67 051 or more (>3 FPL) | 483 (10) |
| No data available | 144 (3) |
| Age at primary palate repair | |
| <9 months | 1164 (24) |
| 9–15 months | 3186 (64) |
| 16–24 months | 589 (12) |
| Postoperative antibiotic use | |
| None | 2537 (51) |
| Yes | 2402 (49) |
| Surgeon procedure volume (on day of repair) | |
| Low (<10 repairs in prior year) | 1307 (27) |
| Medium (10–25) | 2343 (47) |
| High (>25) | 1289 (26) |
| Hospital procedure volume (on day of repair) | |
| Low (<25 repairs in prior year) | 1068 (22) |
| Medium (25–50) | 2568 (52) |
| High (>50) | 1303 (26) |
| Length of stay after surgery | |
| ≤1 night | 3034 (61) |
| ≥2 nights | 1905 (39) |
*FPL, US Federal Poverty Level for a family of four.