Association of sociodemographic, obstetric and neonatal risk factors with neonatal jaundice in referral hospitals of Amhara region Northern Ethiopia, 2019 (cases=149, controls=298)
| Characteristics | Neonatal jaundice | COR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | |
| Yes (%) | No (%) | |||
| Mothers education | ||||
| No formal education | 41 (27.5) | 48 (16.1) | 2.68 (1.41 to 5.11) | 0.83 (0.35 to 1.97) |
| Read and write | 23 (15.4) | 39 (13.1) | 1.85 (0.91 to 3.77) | 1.05 (0.41 to 2.67) |
| Primary education | 35 (23.5) | 68 (22.8) | 1.61 (0.85 to 3.06) | 1.22 (0.53 to 2.80) |
| Secondary education | 29 (19.5) | 77 (25.8) | 1.18 (0.61 to 2.26) | 0.72 (0.31 to 1.66) |
| College and above | 21 (14.1) | 66 (22.1) | 1 | 1 |
| Parity | ||||
| Primiparous | 100 (67.1) | 244 (81.9) | 1 | 1 |
| Multiparous | 49 (32.9) | 54 (18.1) | 2.21 (1.41 to 3.47) | 2.89 (0.86 to 5.59) |
| Hx of neonatal jaundice | ||||
| Yes | 21 (14.1) | 19 (6.4) | 2.29 (1.18 to 4.44) | 2.06 (0.84 to 5.06) |
| No | 128 (85.9) | 279 (93.6) | 1 | 1 |
| Obstetrics complication | ||||
| Yes | 56 (37.6) | 83 (27.9) | 1.56 (1.03 to 2.36) | 0.79 (0.44 to 1.44) |
| No | 93 (62.4) | 215 (72.1) | 1 | 1 |
| Gestational age at birth | ||||
| Preterm | 57 (38.3) | 64 (21.5) | 2.19 (1.39 to 3.43) | 1.08 (0.54 to 2.13) |
| Term | 72 (48.3) | 177 (59.4) | 1 | 1 |
| Post-term | 9 (6.0) | 19 (6.4) | 1.16 (0.50 to 2.69) | 1.07 (0.35 to 3.22) |
| Unknown | 11 (7.4) | 38 (12.8) | 0.712 (0.34 to 1.46) | 0.98 (0.41 to 2.34) |
| PROM | ||||
| Yes | 53 (35.6) | 54 (18.1) | 2.49 (1.59 to 3.89) | 1.43 (0.73 to 2.77) |
| No | 96 (64.4) | 244 (81.9) | 1 | 1 |
| Duration of labour | ||||
| ≤24 hours | 96 (64.4) | 214 (71.8) | 1 | 1 |
| >24 hours | 53 (35.6) | 84 (28.2) | 1.96 (1.29 to 2.99) | 2.45 (1.34 to 4.47)* |
| Sex of neonates | ||||
| Male | 87 (58.4) | 170 (57.0) | 2.4 (1.57 to 3.65) | 3.54 (1.99 to 6.29)** |
| Female | 62 (41.6) | 128 (43.0) | 1 | 1 |
| Birth weight (g) | ||||
| <2500 | 59 (39.6) | 46 (15.4) | 6.67 (4.13 to 10.77) | 5.06 (2.61 to 9.82)** |
| 2500–4000 | 88 (59.1) | 246 (82.6) | 1 | 1 |
| ≥4000 | 2 (1.3) | 6 (2.0) | 1.11 (0.22 to 5.62) | 1.69 (0.25 to 11.30) |
| Five minute APGAR score | ||||
| ≤6 | 13 (8.7) | 10 (3.4) | 2.75 (1.17 to 6.43) | 1.48 (0.41 to 5.28) |
| 7–10 | 136 (91.3) | 288 (96.6) | 1 | 1 |
| Birth asphyxia | ||||
| Yes | 42 (28.2) | 33 (11.1) | 4.14 (2.47 to 6.95) | 2.88 (1.38 to 5.99)*** |
| No | 107 (71.8) | 265 (88.9) | 1 | 1 |
| Feed breast milk | ||||
| Yes | 138 (92.6) | 283 (94.9) | 1 | 1 |
| No | 11 (7.4) | 15 (5.1) | 3.09 (1.94 to 4.92) | 1.46 (0.73 to 2.89) |
| Neonatal sepsis | ||||
| Yes | 81 (54.4) | 10 (3.4) | 8.09 (4.83 to 13.56) | 2.49 (1.22 to 5.11)**** |
| No | 68 (45.6) | 288 (96.6) | 1 | 1 |
| MAS | ||||
| Yes | 20 (13.4) | 16 (5.4) | 2.73 (1.37 to 5.44) | 2.39 (0.88 to 6.48) |
| No | 129 (86.6) | 282 (94.6) | 1 | 1 |
| Hypothermia | ||||
| Yes | 58 (38.9) | 8 (2.7) | 6.76 (3.79 to 12.07) | 6.07 (2.63 to 14.02)** |
| No | 91 (61.1) | 290 (97.3) | 1 | 1 |
Significant at: *p=004, **p<0.001, ***p=012, ****p=0.005, 1=constant.