Patient demographics and outcomes for infants born less than 29 weeks gestation admitted to neonatal units in England and treated with iNO
| 2010–2011 | 2012–2013 | 2014–2015 | |
| Neonatal admissions requiring ≥1 day of intensive care (with and without iNO) | 6730 | 6587 | 6410 |
| Infants treated with iNO | 329 (4.9%*) | 611 (9.3%*) | 1019 (15.9%*) |
| Birth weight (g) | 790 (65 0,950) | 795 (67 0,985) | 790 (66 0,985) |
| Gestational age (weeks) | 26 (24, 27) | 26 (24, 27) | 26 (24, 27) |
| Male sex | 180 (55%) | 364 (60%) | 553 (54%) |
| Prolonged rupture of membranes >24 hours† | 113 (34.4%) | 190 (31.1%) | 173 (17.0%) |
| Surfactant therapy in labour ward or neonatal unit | 324 (98.5%) | 589 (96.4%) | 935 (91.8%) |
| Initiation of iNO therapy (day) | 10 (2,33) | 13 (2,46) | 18 (3,48) |
| Duration of iNO therapy (days) | 3 (2,5) | 2 (1,4) | 2 (1,4) |
| Diagnosis (not mutually exclusive)‡ | |||
| Respiratory distress§ syndrome | 255 (77.5%) | 505 (82.7%) | 920 (90.3%) |
| Pulmonary hypoplasia | 30 (9.1%) | 40 (6.6%) | 49 (4.8%) |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 100 (30.4%) | 164 (26.8%) | 260 (25.5%) |
| Congenital pneumonia | 2 (0.6%) | 2 (0.3%) | 10 (1.0%) |
| Congenital diaphragmatic hernia | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.1%) |
| Death among infants who received iNO | 143 (43.5%) | 224 (36.7%) | 242 (23.8%) |
The denominator for all proportions is the number of babies treated with iNO unless indicated otherwise.
*Denominator is all admissions to neonatal unit admissions requiring ≥1 day of intensive care. All values are given as n, % or median (25th,75th centiles), as appropriate.
†Prolonged rupture of membranes >24 hours uses a combination of discharge diagnoses and recorded duration of rupture of membranes.
‡Extracted codes available in online supplemental file.
§This includes the diagnosis respiratory distress syndrome and signs of respiratory distress of newborn (see online supplemental file 1).
iNO, inhaled nitric oxide.