Patient demographics and outcomes for infants born 29–33 weeks’ admitted to neonatal units in England and treated with iNO
| 2010–2011 | 2012–2013 | 2014–2015 | |
| Neonatal admissions requiring ≥1 day of intensive care (with and without iNO) | 12 781 | 13 796 | 14 556 |
| Infants treated with iNO | 144 (1.1%*) | 315 (2.3%*) | 693 (4.8%*) |
| Birth weight (g) | 1603 (1311,1972) | 1500 (1290,1800) | 1500* (1256,1800) |
| Gestational age (weeks) | 30 (29,32) | 31 (29,32) | 31 (30,32) |
| Male sex | 91 (63.2%) | 187 (59.4%) | 406 (58.6%) |
| Prolonged rupture of membranes >24 hours§ | 34 (23.6%) | 86 (27.3%) | 124 (17.9%) |
| Surfactant therapy in labour ward or neonatal unit | 131 (91.0%) | 229 (72.7%) | 418 (60.3%) |
| Initiation of iNO therapy (days) | 2 (1,3) | 3 (1,20) | 10 (2,24) |
| Duration of iNO therapy (days) | 2 (2,4) | 1 (1,3) | 1 (1,2) |
| Diagnosis (not mutually exclusive)‡ | |||
| Respiratory distress† syndrome | 92 (63.9%) | 240 (76.2%) | 604 (87.2%) |
| Pulmonary hypoplasia | 23 (16.0%) | 46 (14.6%) | 72 (10.4%) |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 76 (52.8%) | 108 (34.3%) | 163 (23.5%) |
| Congenital pneumonia | 1 (0.7%) | 3 (1.0%) | 2 (0.3%) |
| Congenital diaphragmatic hernia | 7 (4.9%) | 11 (3.5%) | 15 (2.2%) |
| Death among infants who received iNO | 59 (41.0%) | 68 (21.6%) | 76 (11.0%) |
The denominator for all proportions is the number of babies treated with iNO unless indicated otherwise.
One baby with a birth weight less than 300 grams was removed from this calculation (n=692).
*Denominator is all admissions to neonatal unit admissions requiring ≥1 day of intensive care. All values are given as n, % or median (25th, 75th centiles) as appropriate.
†This includes the diagnosis respiratory distress syndrome and signs of respiratory distress of newborn (see online supplemental file 1).
‡Extracted codes available in supplementary file.
§Prolonged rupture of membranes >24 hours uses a combination of discharge diagnoses and recorded duration of rupture of membranes.
iNO, inhaled nitric oxide.