Table 3

Articles on familial in occurrence Blount disease

AuthorGroupYearStudy typeAffected family membersTwinsAnamnestic family history
Evensen et al24Early1956Case report3 cousins with Blount disease of which one needed an operation and two resolved without treatment.Father of one of the patients had physiological varus legs as a child.
Langenskiold and Riska22Early1964Retrospective studyOne family with four typical cases of infantile Blount disease.
Sevastikoglou and Eriksson27Early1967Case report4 siblings affected of which three needed an operation.Yes
Levine and Drennan26Early1982Retrospective studyOf the 22 patients, there were two pairs of siblings with Blount disease.
Schoenecker et al28Early1985Retrospective study45% (14 out of 31) patients had a positive family history.
Ikegawa et al25Early1990Case reportMonozygote twins with Blount disease.YesNegative family history
Schmidt et al10Early1991Case reporttwo siblings with Blount disease and a sister with physiological varus legs.
Inaba et al21Early2014Retrospective studyYes, three twin cases14% (8 out of 59) had a positive family history for varus legs.
Thompson et al19Adolescent1984Retrospective studyAll 11 patients had a negative family history.
Schoenecker et al28Adolescent1985Retrospective study1 patient had a negative family history.
Inaba et al21Adolescent2014Retrospective studyAll 13 have a negative family history.