Study (ref.) | Domain 1 Patient selection | Domain 2 Index tests | Domain 3 Reference standard | Domain 4 Flow and timing | |||
Risk of bias | Concerns regarding applicability | Risk of bias | Concerns regarding applicability | Risk of bias | Concerns regarding applicability | Risk of bias | |
Kolosovas-Machuca and González3 | Low | Low | Unclear | Low | N/A | N/A | Low |
Symonds et al 4 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Selent et al 6 | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Unclear |
Chan et al 7 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Fortuna et al 8 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Heimann et al 9 | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Unclear |
Anderson et al 10 | Unclear | Low | High | Unclear | N/A | N/A | Unclear |
Abbas et al 11 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Abbas and Leonhardt12 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Al-Khalidi et al 13 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Elphick et al 14 | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Goldman15 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Rice et al 16 | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | N/A | N/A | Low |
Knobel et al 17 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Sanchis-Sánchez et al 18 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Silva et al 19 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Ćurković et al 20 | Low | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Saxena and Willital21 | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Morcate et al 22 | Case study | ||||||
Saxena et al 23 | Case study | ||||||
Medina-Preciado et al 24 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Garcia-Romero et al 25 | Low | Low | Low | Low | N/A | N/A | Low |
Mohammed et al 26 | Low | Low | Low | Low | N/A | N/A | Low |
Iwata et al 27 | Case study | ||||||
Martini et al 28 | Unclear | Low | High | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Castillo-Martínez et al 29 | Case study | ||||||
Kashiwagi et al 30 | Case study | ||||||
Zotter et al 31 | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Lasanen et al 32 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Goetz et al 33 | Low | Low | Unclear | Low | N/A | N/A | Low |
Zurek et al 34 | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low |
Coben and Myers35 | Low | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Kaercher et al 36 | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Clark et al 37 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Clark et al 38 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Cheema et al 39 | Case study |