Medication | Subjects (n) | Dosage (mg/day) | Sample date after delivery (days) | Serum concentrations of copper and zinc in mothers (µg/dL) | Concentrations of copper and zinc in breast milk (µg/dL) mean±SD (minimum–maximum) | ||
Copper (each value) | Zinc | Copper | Zinc | ||||
Colostrum (0–4 days after delivery) | |||||||
TE | 2 | 1500 and 1750 | 2 and 3 | 16 and 18 | N.E. | 15 and 64 | 838 and 1448 |
PC | 1 | 800 | 2 | 21 | N.E. | 51 | 985 |
Zinc | 1 | 100 | 2 | 13 | 167 | 53 | 394 |
No medication (healthy controls) | 21 | N.M. | 1–4 | N.E. | N.E. | 39±8 (16–50) | 614±292 (218–1227) |
Transitional breast milk (5–13 days after delivery) | |||||||
TE | 2 | 1500 and 1750 | 5 and 10 | 16 and 18 | N.E. | 35 and 59 | 653 and 838 |
PC | 3 | 300–800 | 6 | 19, 21, 22 | N.E. | 51 (44–60) | 387 (273–452) |
Zinc | 2 | 100 | 6 and 12 | 13 and 37 | N.E. | 28 and 61 | 317 and 452 |
Mean age (minimum–maximum) at diagnosis and delivery of patients were 13 (9–29) years and 31 (23–38) years, respectively.
*Control data were comparable to those from a previous report.16
NE, not examined; NM, no medication; PC, penicillamine; TE, trientine.