Bivariate comparison of various clinical and laboratory parameters in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children cases who required mechanical ventilation versus those who did not require mechanical ventilation*
| Clinical and laboratory parameters of MIS-C cases | Mechanical ventilation required (n=8) | Mechanical ventilation not required (n=33) | P value† |
| Presence of shock requiring inotropic agents – no. (%) | 7 (88) | 14 (42) | 0.045 |
| Median D-dimer mg/L (IQR) | 4.5 (2.9–16.3) | 2.3 (1.0–3.9) | 0.016 |
| Median serum ferritin μg/L (IQR) | 1178.0 (717.0–23 840.0) | 266.0 (153.0–555.0) | 0.001 |
| Median ESR mm/hour (IQR) no./total no. (%) | 8.0 (7.0–10.0) | 40 (27–51) | 0.016 |
| 3/8 (38) | 11/33 (33) | ||
| Median serum AST IU/L (IQR) | 188.0 (37.8–741.2) | 33.0 (26.0–60.5) | 0.008 |
| Median serum procalcitonin μg/L (IQR) no./total no. (%) | 5.4 (2.1–41.5) | 11.1 (1.6–51.0) | 0.716 |
| 4/8 (50) | 12/33 (36) | ||
| Median serum NT-proBNP pg/mL (IQR) no./total no. (%) | 3533.5 (2141.5–46 767.5) | 1138.0 (349.0–6725.0) | 0.096 |
| 6/8 (75) | 13/33 (39) | ||
| Median serum troponin ng/L (IQR) no./total no. (%) | 55.2 (14.5–945.3) | 15.0 (4.8–29.2) | 0.143 |
| 4/8 (50) | 26/33 (78) | ||
| Median absolute lymphocyte count (IQR) | 825 (521–2218) | 1588 (895–3489) | 0.061 |
| Lymphopenia at admission -no. (%)‡ | 7 (88) | 19 (58) | 0.220 |
| Mean CRP mg/L±SD | 101.0±85.3 | 123±78.9 | 0.474 |
| Median serum ALT IU/L (IQR) | 141.0 (25.0–543.0) | 29.0 (21.0–43.5) | 0.113 |
| Presence of coronary abnormalities - no. (%) | 4 (50) | 11 (33) | 0.434 |
| Presence of LV dysfunction - no. (%) | 3 (38) | 7 (21) | 0.378 |
*Percentages may not total 100 because of rounding. IQR denotes IQR showing 25th and 75th centiles.
†P value was calculated by applying appropriate statistical tests according to the distribution of the data. Independent sample t-test or Mann-Whitney tests were applied to compare the potential markers of severity. The Bonferroni’s correction was applied for multiple comparisons. A p value of <0.0035 was considered statistically significant.
‡Lymphopenia defined as <3000 lymphocytes/μL (<2 years age), <1500 lymphocytes/μL (2–12 years age), and <1000 lymphocytes/μL (>12 years age).
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; CRP, C reactive protein; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; NT-ProBNP, N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide.