Infant characteristics | With PDA | Without PDA | P value for difference |
n (%) | 10 418 (59.5) | 7083 (40.5) | |
Females, n (%) | 4834 (46.4) | 3243 (45.8) | 0.423 |
Gestational age at birth (weeks), median (IQR) | 25 (24–26) | 26 (25–27) | <0.001 |
Birth weight (in g), mean (SD) | 814 (185) | 854 (204) | <0.001 |
Birth weight z-score, mean (SD) | −0.13 (0.85) | −0.13 (0.91) | 0.573 |
Length of stay (days), median (IQR) | 94 (74-117) | 67 (7-87) | <0.001 |
Adverse outcomes | With PDA | Without PDA | Adjusted OR (95% CI)* |
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, n (%) | 4324 (41.5) | 1265 (17.9) | 3.10 (2.88 to 3.33)† |
Necrotising enterocolitis, n (%) | 977 (9.4) | 317 (4.5) | 2.05 (1.79 to 2.33)† |
Late onset sepsis, n (%) | 7549 (72.5) | 2891 (40.8) | 3.67 (3.44 to 3.92)† |
Death before discharge, n (%) | 1625 (15.6) | 2447 (34.5) | 0.21 (0.19 to 0.23)† |
*Adjusted for sex, gestational age and birth weight z-score <-2SD.
†P<0.05 with Bonferroni correction.