Condition | Sensitivity in % (95% CI) | Specificity in % (95% CI) | PPV in % (95% CI) | NPV in % (95% CI) | Accuracy in % (95% CI) | LR+ (95% CI) | LR− (95% CI) |
Normal heart | 96.2 (92.6 to 98.3) | 94.3 (91.3 to 96.6) | 91.4 (87.3 to 94.3) | 97.5 (95.2 to 98.7) | 95.0 (92.9 to 96.9) | 17.0 (10.9 to 26.3) | 0.04 (0.02 to 0.08) |
Abnormal heart* | 94.3 (91.3 to 96.6) | 96.2 (92.6 to 98.3) | 97.5 (95.2 to 98.7) | 91.4 (87.3 to 94.3) | 95.0 (92.9 to 96.7) | 24.8 (12.5 to 48.9) | 0.06 (0.04 to 0.09) |
ASD | 92.3 (86.3 to 96.3) | 99.5 (98.3 to 99.9) | 98.4 (93.8 to 99.6) | 97.6 (95.8 to 98.7) | 97.8 (96.2 to 98.9) | 191.5 (48.0 to 764.) | 0.08 (0.04 to 0.14) |
PDA | 85.6 (76.6 to 92.0) | 99.6 (98.4 to 99.9) | 97.5 (90.6 to 99.4) | 97.2 (95.5 to 98.3) | 97.2 (95.5 to 98.5) | 194.6 (48.7 to 777.9) | 0.15 (0.09 to 0.24) |
VSD | 93.6 (85.8 to 97.9) | 97.4 (95.6 to 98.7) | 86.0 (77.9 to 91.5) | 99.0 (97.5 to 99.5) | 96.9 (95.1 to 98.2) | 36.0 (20.8 to 63.8) | 0.06 (0.03 to 0.15) |
VSD-PS | 86.1 (70.5 to 95.3) | 100.0 (99.3 to 100) | 100.0 | 99.0 (97.8 to 99.6) | 99.1 (97.9 to 99.7) | † | 0.14 (0.06 to 0.31) |
Normal heart for age <1 year | 91.9 (82.2 to 97.3) | 93.8 (88.2 to 97.3) | 87.7 (78.4 to 93.3) | 96.0 (91.3 to 98.3) | 93.2 (88.6 to 96.3) | 14.8 (7.6 to 29.1) | 0.09 (0.04 to 0.20) |
Abnormal heart for age <1 year | 93.8 (88.2 to 97.3) | 91.9 (82.2 to 97.3) | 96.0 (91.3 to 98.3) | 87.7 (78.4 to 93.3) | 93.2 (88.6 to 96.3) | 11.6 (5.01 to 27.0) | 0.07 (0.03 to 0.13) |
*Abnormal heart includes ASD, PDA, VSD and VSD-PS.
†Approaches infinity as specificity is 100%.
ASD, atrial septal defect; LR−, negative likelihood ratio; LR+, positive likelihood ratio; NPV, negative predictive value; PDA, patent ductus arteriosus; PPV, positive predictive value; VSD, ventricular septal defect; VSD-PS, VSD with pulmonic stenosis physiology.