Characteristics of the studies, pharmacokinetics and dose recommendations of isolated studies on clonidine
| Study | n | PNA | Weight | Study design | Group | Model | Modality | Administered dose | Vd | CL | t1/2 (hours) | Recommended dose |
| Kleiber et al,32 the Netherlands | 22 | 1 (IQR 6.4) month | 4 (IQR 3.1) | P 2 groups | Children | 1-compartment with NONMEM | VV–VA | 0.24 (0.15) µg/kg/hour infusion | 454 L/70 kg at ECMO start ↑55% | 29.9 L/hour/70 kg at ECMO start ↑200% | — | The authors simulated the number of bolus doses of 5 µg/kg needed to reach the target concentration of 2 ng/mL within 1 hour: three repeated bolus doses of 5 µg/kg were needed. |
Boldfaced fonts represent comparisons with controls within the same study. In other studies, they represent comparisons with non-ECMO neonates from a different published study.
CL, clearance; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; NONMEM, non-linear mixed-effects modelling; P, prospective; PNA, postnatal age; t1/2, elimination half-life; VA, veno-arterial; VD, volume of distribution; VV, veno-venous.