Characteristics of the studies, pharmacokinetics and dose recommendations related to phenobarbital
| Study | n | PNA | Weight | Type | Group | Model | Modality | Administered dose | Vd | CL | t1/2 (hours) | Recommended dose |
| Michaličková et al,34 Czech Republic | 13 | 2 | 3.21 | R | Neonates | 1-compartment with NONMEM | VV–VA | LD: 7.5 mg/kg (8.5–16 mg/kg) MD: 6.9 mg/kg/day (4.5–8.5 mg/kg/day) | 2.72 L | 0.0096 L/hour | — | In the first 12 days of ECMO with a regimen of an LD of 20 mg/kg and an MD of 4 mg/kg/day divided in two doses with an increase of 0.25 mg/kg every 12 hours during ECMO. |
| Thibault et al,36 USA | 12/37* | 5 (0–26) | 3.2 (1.3–3.8) | R | Neonates | 1-compartment with first-order elimination with NONMEM | VV–VA | LD: 15–20 mg/kg MD: 3–6 mg/kg/day | ↑22% (normalisation of albumin values from 2.5 mg/dL to 3.5 mg/dL decreased the estimated volume by 13%) | ↑114% (over the first 20 days of life) | — | LD of 30 mg/kg achieved goal peak concentration. MD of 4–5 mg/kg/day sustained goal trough concentration. |
Boldfaced fonts represent comparisons with controls within the same study. In other studies, they represent comparisons with non-ECMO neonates from a different published study.
*Number of patients undergoing only ECMO circuit.
CL, clearance; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; LD, loading dose; MD, maintenance dose; NONMEM, non-linear mixed-effects modelling; PNA, postnatal age; R, retrospective; t1/2, elimination half-life; VA, veno-arterial; Vd, volume of distribution; VV, veno-venous.