Characteristics of the studies, pharmacokinetics and dose recommendations of isolated studies on morphine
| Study | n | PNA | Weight | Study design | Group | Model | Modality | Administered dose | Vd | CL | t1/2 (hours) | Recommended dose |
| Peters et al,33 the Netherlands | 14 | 82 | 4.2 | P | Infants | 1-compartment with NONMEM | VA | LD: 100 µg/kg MD: 40 µg/kg/hour | Day 1: 1.89 mL/kg/min Day 10: 3.33 mL/kg/min ↑76.2% | Day 1: 1.1 mL/kg/min Day 10: 6.0 mL/kg/min ↑445.5% | — | Serum concentrations decrease during the first 10 days of ECMO, and that dose adjustments should be carried out. |
Boldfaced fonts represent comparisons with controls within the same study. In other studies, they represent comparisons with non-ECMO neonates from a different published study.
CL, clearance; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; LD, loading dose; MD, maintenance dose; P, prospective; PNA, postnatal age; t1/2, elimination half-life; VA, veno-arterial; Vd, volume of distribution.