Table 4

Summary of findings for NRT versus control groups

OutcomesAnticipated absolute effects (95% CI) –
risk with no NRP		Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) –
risk with NRP		Relative effect
(95% CI)		No of participants
(studies)		Quality of the evidence
(GRADE)
All stillbirth29 per 100023 per 1000
(13 to 41)		RR 0.79
(0.44 to 1.41)		5661
(2 RCTs)		⨁◯◯◯
Very low*†
Fresh stillbirthOutcome not reportedOutcome not reportedOutcome not reportedOutcome not reported⨁◯◯◯
Very low‡
1-day neonatal mortalityOutcome not reportedOutcome not reportedOutcome not reportedOutcome not reported⨁◯◯◯
Very low‡
7-day neonatal mortality39 per 100020 per 1000
(15 to 28)		RR 0.53
(0.38 to 0.73)		5518
(2 RCTs)		⨁⨁⨁⨁
High
28-day neonatal mortality49 per 100024 per 1000
(18 to 33)		RR 0.50
(0.37 to 0.68)		5442
(2 RCTs)		⨁⨁⨁⨁
High
Perinatal mortality68 per 100043 per 1000
(29 to 64)		RR 0.63
(0.42 to 0.94)		5584
(2 RCTs)		⨁⨁⨁◯
Moderate§

  • *I2 is 67% and the two trials were inconsistent in the direction of effect. Quality of evidence downgraded by two for inconsistency and imprecision (figure 2).

  • †The 95% CI of the pooled estimate includes null effect. Quality of evidence downgraded by one for imprecision (figure 2).

  • ‡No evidence to support or refute.

  • §Though I2 is 68%, the 95% CI of the pooled estimate does not include the null effect. Quality of evidence downgraded by one for inconsistency (figure 5).

  • NRT, neonatal resuscitation training; RCTs, randomised controlled trial; RR, risk ratio.