Association of SSC and EBF with characteristics of participants
| Predictors | SSC | EIBF | ||||||
| OR (95% CI) | P value | AOR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | AOR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Maternal age | 0.99 (0.98 to 1.00) | 0.002 | 1.00 (0.99 to 1.00) | 0.466 | 1.00 (0.99 to 1.01) | 0.352 | 0.99 (0.98 to 1.00) | 0.416 |
| Sex (female) | 0.92 (0.82 to 1.03) | 0.127 | 0.94 (0.84 to 1.06) | 0.3 | 1.06 (0.97 to 1.16) | 0.203 | 1.03 (0.94 to 1.13) | 0.572 |
| Residence (rural) | 0.79 (0.69 to 0.91) | <0.001 | 0.97 (0.83 to 1.13) | 0.706 | 1.40 (1.25 to 1.57) | <0.001 | 1.08 (0.95 to 1.23) | 0.233 |
| Maternal education | ||||||||
| Primary | 1.29 (0.99 to 1.69) | 0.054 | 1.08 (0.83 to 1.42) | 0.559 | 0.88 (0.72 to 1.06) | 0.171 | 1.02 (0.83 to 1.25) | 0.856 |
| Secondary | 1.89 (1.49 to 2.41) | <0.001 | 1.21 (0.93 to 1.58) | 0.149 | 0.69 (0.58 to 0.82) | <0.001 | 1.06 (0.87 to 1.29) | 0.568 |
| Higher secondary or more | 2.71 (2.09 to 3.52) | <0.001 | 1.43 (1.07 to 1.90) | 0.016 | 0.49 (0.40 to 0.59) | <0.001 | 1.01 (0.81 to 1.26) | 0.951 |
| Antenatal care (yes) | 2.27 (1.89 to 2.72) | <0.001 | 1.40 (1.15 to 1.70) | <0.001 | 1.80 (1.58 to 2.06) | <0.001 | 0.90 (0.78 to 1.04) | 0.151 |
| SBA at birth (yes) | 2.87 (2.53 to 3.27) | <0.001 | 2.04 (1.60 to 2.61) | <0.001 | 0.35 (0.32 to 0.39) | <0.001 | 0.99 (0.80 to 1.25) | 0.964 |
| Institutional delivery (yes) | 0.39 (0.34 to 0.44) | <0.001 | 1.21 (0.96 to 1.52) | 0.114 | 0.32 (0.29 to 0.35) | <0.001 | 0.35 (0.28 to 0.43) | <0.001 |
| Wealth index | ||||||||
| Poor | 1.38 (1.15 to 1.67) | <0.001 | 1.11 (0.92 to 1.35) | 0.274 | 0.74 (0.64 to 0.86) | <0.001 | 0.89 (0.76 to 1.04) | 0.133 |
| Middle | 1.52 (1.27 to 1.83) | <0.001 | 1.04 (0.85 to 1.26) | 0.709 | 0.68 (0.59 to 0.79) | <0.001 | 0.94 (0.80 to 1.10) | 0.448 |
| Rich | 2.03 (1.70 to 2.43) | <0.001 | 1.22 (1.00 to 1.48) | 0.051 | 0.55 (0.48 to 0.63) | <0.001 | 0.86 (0.74 to 1.02) | 0.075 |
| Richest | 2.05 (1.71 to 2.46) | <0.001 | 1.04 (0.84 to 1.30) | 0.72 | 0.43 (0.37 to 0.49) | <0.001 | 0.78 (0.65 to 0.94) | 0.008 |
Reference category: SSC: no; EIBF: no; sex: male; residence: urban; antenatal care: no; SBA at birth: no; institutional delivery: no; maternal education: preprimary or none; Wealth index: poorest.
EIBF, early initiation of breast feeding; SBA, skilled birth attendant; SSC, skin-to-skin contact.