Table 3

Adjusted risk ratios for neonatal adverse outcomes associated with severity of anaemia during early pregnancy†

Outcome	Model A‡				Model B§
Outcome	Mild 100–109 g/L	Moderate 70–99 g/L	Severe <70 g/L	Overall <110 g/L	Mild 100–109 g/L	Moderate 70–99 g/L	Severe <70 g/L	Overall <110 g/L
Preterm birth	1.37 (1.25 to 1.52)*	1.54 (1.35 to 1.76)*	4.03 (2.67 to 6.08)*	1.47 (1.35 to 1.59)*	1.37 (1.24 to 1.51)*	1.55 (1.36 to 1.77)*	4.05 (2.68 to 6.12)*	1.46 (1.35 to 1.59)*
Low birth weight	1.61 (1.44 to 1.79)*	2.01 (1.75 to 2.30)*	6.11 (3.99 to 9.36)*	1.80 (1.64 to 1.96)*	1.60 (1.43 to 1.78)*	2.02 (1.76 to 2.32)*	6.25 (4.06 to 9.61)*	1.79 (1.64 to 1.96)*
SGA	1.37 (1.25 to 1.52)*	1.54 (1.35 to 1.76)*	2.61 (1.74 to 4.50)*	1.47 (1.35 to 1.59)*	1.37 (1.24 to 1.51)*	1.55 (1.36 to 1.77)*	2.60 (1.73 to 4.49)*	1.46 (1.35 to 1.59)*
Congenital malformation	0.89 (0.75 to 1.07)	1.17 (0.93 to 1.47)	0.86 (0.32 to 2.36)	0.98 (0.85 to 1.13)	0.88 (0.74 to 1.06)	1.15 (0.92 to 1.44)	0.83 (0.30 to 2.28)	0.96 (0.83 to 1.12)

*P value < 0.005.
†Non-anaemic pregnant women as reference.
‡Model A adjusted for maternal age, maternal body mass index, residence, education level, ethnicity, parity, folate use, and per caput monthly family income.
§Model B adjusted for all maternal complications during pregnancy in addition to covariates in model A.
SGA, small for gestational age.