Total costs in preceding year in relation to presence of UNHS, confirmation by age 9 months, receptive language ability and reading
| Variable | Unadjusted costs | Costs adjusted for cochlear implantation and presence of an additional medical condition | Costs adjusted for cochlear implantation, presence of an additional medical condition and severity of PCHL | |||
| β coefficient (95% CI) | P | β coefficient (95% CI) | P | β coefficient (95% CI) | P | |
| Born during periods with UNHS | −3594.21 (−10 105.9 to 2917.6) | 0.28 | −970.46 (−6099.42 to 4158.50) | 0.71 | −228.35 (−5303.44 to 4846.74) | 0.93 |
| Confirmation of PCHL at >9 months | −2824.11 (−9381.5 to 3733.3) | 0.39 | −408.01 (−5662.35 to 4846.32) | 0.88 | 47.99 (−5098.08 to 5194.06) | 0.98 |
| Receptive language z-score | −1615.84 (−2389.3 to −842.4) | <0.001 | −1011.33 (−2086.17 to 63.50) | 0.065 | −649.90 (−1745.77 to 445.97) | 0.24 |
| Reading comprehension z-score | −1886.94 (−3797.4 to 23.5) | 0.05 | −669.91 (−2516.30 to 1176.48) | 0.47 | −328.15 (−2478.69 to 1822.39) | 0.76 |
PCHL, permanent childhood hearing loss > 40 dB hearing level (HL); UNHS, universal newborn hearing screening.