Demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010–2019)
| Men | Women | ||||
| Mean | SE | Mean | SE | P value | |
| Number | 1266 | 1320 | 0.001 | ||
| Age (years) | 23.65 | 0.113 | 23.28 | 0.115 | 0.015 |
| Height (cm) | 174.59 | 0.196 | 161.60 | 0.183 | <0.001 |
| Height (SDS) | 0.04 | 0.035 | 0.12 | 0.037 | 0.104 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.7 | 0.134 | 21.37 | 0.113 | <0.001 |
| Obesity (%) | 28.13 | 1.652 | 12.73 | 1.137 | <0.001 |
| Low body weight (%) | 5.34 | 0.798 | 19.05 | 1.369 | <0.001 |
| Education (%) | 93.9 | 0.674 | 94.1 | 0.786 | 0.831 |
| Low household income (%) | 4.66 | 0.740 | 4.83 | 0.871 | 0.866 |
| History of chronic disease (%) | 17.94 | 1.265 | 17.31 | 1.207 | 0.711 |
| Early menarche (≤10 years) (%) | 1.12 | 0.716 | |||
| Father’s height (cm) | 169.12 | 0.199 | 169.37 | 0.196 | 0.286 |
| Mother’s height (cm) | 157.35 | 0.183 | 157.21 | 0.174 | 0.539 |
| Tanner’s formula (cm) | 169.73 | 0.151 | 156.79 | 0.141 | <0.001 |
BMI, body mass index; SDS, Standard Deviation Score.