Baseline demographic, clinical and BSID-III characteristics of study participants
| Characteristic* | Individualised education (intervention) arm (n=84) | Usual care arm (n=91) | P values† |
| Maternal characteristics | |||
| Age (years) | 26.08±6.84 | 27.15±6.59 | 0.29 |
| Education (years) | 2 (0–3.5) | 2 (0–4) | 0.93 |
| Literacy, no. (%) | 44 (51.65) | 47 (52.38) | 0.92 |
| Parity | 2.5 (1–5) | 3 (2–5) | 0.43 |
| Child characteristics | |||
| Male, no. (%) | 49 (58.33) | 57 (62.64) | 0.56 |
| Age at BSID-III evaluation (months) | 16.32±4.93 | 15.84±5.21 | 0.53 |
| Height-for-age z-score | −3.40±0.69 | −3.41±0.73 | 0.91 |
| Weight-for-age z-score | −2.01±0.74 | −1.94±0.82 | 0.54 |
| Weight-for-length z-score | −0.26±0.86 | −0.13±0.90 | 0.35 |
| Feeding practices indicators | |||
| Minimum dietary diversity, no. (%) | 59 (70.24) | 49 (53.85) | 0.03 |
| Minimum meal frequency, no. (%) | 68 (80.95) | 81 (89.01) | 0.13 |
| Minimum acceptable diet, no. (%) | 51 (60.71) | 43 (47.25) | 0.07 |
| Household characteristics | |||
| No. of children under 5 years | 2 (1–2) | 2 (1–2) | 0.18 |
| Family poverty score | 28.33±11.64 | 27.35±9.17 | 0.53 |
| Family care indicators score | 8.59±2.63 | 8.47±2.15 | 0.74 |
| BSID-III subscales z-scores‡ | |||
| Cognitive | −0.05±1.00 | 0.04±0.97 | 0.53 |
| Receptive language | −0.02±0.96 | 0.02±1.00 | 0.81 |
| Expressive language | 0.01±0.94 | −0.01±1.02 | 0.88 |
| Fine motor | −0.15±0.94 | 0.14±1.00 | 0.06 |
| Gross motor | −0.10±0.91 | 0.10±1.04 | 0.18 |
| Socioemotional | 0.05±1.15 | −0.02±0.95 | 0.65 |
*Data presented as means±SD, median (IQR) or no. (%), as appropriate.
†Student’s t-test or Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables, Χ2 or Fisher’s exact tests for categorical variables, as appropriate.
‡ BSID-III, Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Third Edition.