Univariate analysis between well-being and explanatory variables, by gender
| Model† | ||||
| Boys | Girls | |||
| B | 95 % CI | B | 95 % CI | |
| Substance use | ||||
| None | Reference | Reference | ||
| One | −0.34* | (−0.56 to –0.13) | −1.48** | (−1.70 to –1.27) |
| Two | −2.19** | (−2.60 to –1.78) | −4.96** | (−5.35 to –4.57) |
| Three | −3.56** | (−4.16 to –2.95) | −5.89** | (−6.47 to –5.30) |
| Unhealthy eating habits | ||||
| None | Reference | Reference | ||
| One | −1.65** | (−1.88 to –1.43) | −2.63** | (−2.91 to –2.34) |
| Two | −3.36** | (−3.60 to –3.12) | −4.85** | (−5.13 to –4.58) |
| Three | −5.00** | (−5.39 to –4.61) | −6.49** | (−6.83 to –6.14) |
| Sleeping hours (>8 hours) | ||||
| Not in the past 7 days | Reference | Reference | ||
| Some days | 2.99** | (2.51 to 3.47) | 4.71** | (4.39 to 5.04) |
| Most days | 5.59** | (5.15 to 6.03) | 8.39** | (8.06 to 8.72) |
| Everyday | 7.49** | (7.07 to 7.87) | 10.70** | (10.35 to 11.06) |
| Bullying | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | −4.70** | (−3.59 to –3.31) | −5.84** | (−5.25 to –4.90) |
| Physical activity | ||||
| Physically active | Reference | Reference | ||
| Inactive | −3.85** | (−4.11 to –3.61) | −2.77** | (−3.04 to –2.51) |
| Screen time | ||||
| About 2 hours/day | Reference | Reference | ||
| ≤1 hours/day | 0.07 | (−0.59 to 0.73) | 0.08 | (−0.69 to 0.85) |
| About 3–4 hours/day | −1.22** | (−1.60 to –0.84) | −1.27** | (−1.71 to –0.83) |
| About 5–6 hours/day | −2.17** | (−2.51 to –1.83) | −3.06** | (−3.52 to –2.60) |
| ≥7 hours/day | −3.72** | (−4.12 to –3.32) | −5.38** | (−5.80 to –4.97) |
| Reading | ||||
| None | Reference | Reference | ||
| About Half an hour/day | 1.61** | (1.41 to 1.82) | 2.17** | (1.88 to 2.46) |
| About 1 hour/day | 2.25** | (2.06 to 2.44) | 2.54** | (2.26 to 2.82) |
| ≥2 hours/day | 2.27*** | (2.01 to 2.52) | 2.35** | (2.05 to 2.66) |
| IMD scores | ||||
| High deprivation | Reference | Reference | ||
| Average deprivation | 0.57** | (0.31 to 0.81) | 0.35** | (0.10 to 0.590 |
| Least deprivation | 1.05** | (0.87 to 1.21) | 1.16** | (0.92 to 1.40) |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| White | Reference | Reference | ||
| Mixed | 0.18 | (−0.29 to 0.65) | −0.44* | (−0.82 to –0.06) |
| Asian | −0.54* | (−0.85 to –0.23) | 0.98** | (0.59 to 1.38) |
| Black | 0.91** | (0.42 to 1.39) | 1.10** | (0.67 to 1.52) |
| Other | −0.45* | (−0.84 to –0.04) | 0.30 | (−0.09 to 0.70) |
*P<0.05; **P<0.001.
†Unadjusted model taking into account clustering at local authority level, multilevel models fitted with weighted design weights, quadratic function added to reading.
IMD, Index of Multiple Deprivation.