Perinatal variables in individuals with NEC divided by status of intestinal failure
| NEC individuals, without IF | NEC individuals, with IF | Fisher’s exact test* | |
| N (%) | N (%) | P values | |
| Total | 677 (100) | 43 (100) | |
| Variable | |||
| Category | |||
| Gender | |||
| Male | 371 (54.8) | 23 (53.5) | 0.88 |
| Female | 306 (45.2) | 20 (46.5) | |
| Degree of prematurity (gestational weeks)† | |||
| 32–42 | 246 (36.3) | 9 (20.9) | 0.07 |
| 28–31 | 184 (27.2) | 12 (27.9) | |
| <28 | 247 (36.5) | 21 (51.2) | |
| Size relative to gestational age (GA)‡ | |||
| LGA and AGA (3) | 520 (76.8) | 24 (55.8) | <0.01 |
| SGA | 157 (23.2) | 19 (44.2) | |
| Weight category | |||
| ≥1500 g | 272 (40.1) | 10 (23.3) | 0.05 |
| <1500 | 387 (57.2) | 33 (76.7) | |
| Missing | 18 (2.7) | 0 (0) | |
| Perinatal asphyxia§ | |||
| No | 499 (73.7) | 33 (76.7) | 0.85 |
| Yes | 134 (19.8) | 7 (16.3) | |
| Missing | 44 (6.5) | 3 (7.0) | |
| Abdominal surgery¶ | |||
| No | 544 (80.4) | 19 (44.2) | <0.01 |
| Yes | 133 (19.7) | 24 (55.8) | |
| Birth cohort (year)** | |||
| 1987–1993 | 188 (27.8) | 1 (2.3) | <0.01 |
| 1994–2001 | 159 (23.5) | 3 (7.0) | |
| 2002–2006 | 184 (27.2) | 12 (27.9) | |
| 2007–2009 | 146 (21.6) | 27 (62.8) | |
| Maternal smoking | |||
| No | 574 (84.8) | 40 (93.0) | 0.18 |
| Yes | 103 (15.2) | 3 (7.0) | |
| Missing | |||
| Region in Sweden | |||
| Rest of Sweden | 440 (65.0) | 25 (58.1) | 0.36 |
| Stockholm county | 237 (35.0) | 18 (41.9) | |
*A p value <0.05 was significant.
†GA in weeks.
‡Size in relation to GA: LGA or AGA and SGA.
§Apgar <7 at or more than 5 min.
¶Defined by International Classification of Disease Codes and Related Health Problems codes versions 9 and 10.
**Based on infant’s birth year.
AGA, appropriate for GA; LGA, large for GA; NEC, necrotising enterocolitis; SGA, small for GA.