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PECAM-1: regulator of endothelial junctional integrity

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Abstract

PECAM-1 (also known as CD31) is a cellular adhesion and signaling receptor comprising six extracellular immunoglobulin (Ig)-like homology domains, a short transmembrane domain and a 118 amino acid cytoplasmic domain that becomes serine and tyrosine phosphorylated upon cellular activation. PECAM-1 expression is restricted to blood and vascular cells. In circulating platelets and leukocytes, PECAM-1 functions largely as an inhibitory receptor that, via regulated sequential phosphorylation of its cytoplasmic domain, limits cellular activation responses. PECAM-1 is also highly expressed at endothelial cell intercellular junctions, where it functions as a mechanosensor, as a regulator of leukocyte trafficking and in the maintenance of endothelial cell junctional integrity. In this review, we will describe (1) the functional domains of PECAM-1 and how they contribute to its barrier-enhancing properties, (2) how the physical properties of PECAM-1 influence its subcellular localization and its ability to influence endothelial cell barrier function, (3) various stimuli that initiate PECAM-1 signaling and/or function at the endothelial junction and (4) cross-talk of PECAM-1 with other junctional molecules, which can influence endothelial cell function.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, P.O. Box 2178, 638N. 18th Street, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA

    Jamie R. Privratsky & Peter J. Newman

  2. Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA

    Peter J. Newman

  3. Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA

    Peter J. Newman

  4. The Cardiovascular Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA

    Peter J. Newman

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  1. Jamie R. Privratsky
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  2. Peter J. Newman
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Correspondence to Peter J. Newman.

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Privratsky, J.R., Newman, P.J. PECAM-1: regulator of endothelial junctional integrity. Cell Tissue Res 355, 607–619 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-013-1779-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-013-1779-3

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