Introduction: The adenoidectomy is the most often made operation in small children but the reasons of adenoid hypertrophy are not completely explained. Some researches show that in part of children, allergy can be a risk factor for adenoid hypertrophy. The main aim of this study was the analysis of adenoid hypertrophy in children with different allergic diseases.
Material and methods: Two separate groups of children were examined. The study group consisted of 436 children between 4 and 9 years old with allergic rhinitis and/or bronchial asthma and/or atopic dermatitis hypersensitive to house dust mites (interview, positive skin-prick test results). The control group consisted of 229 non-atopic children (negative interview and skin-prick tests) in the similar age. In the both groups we examined the incidence of adenoid hypertrophy and its dependence of the kind of allergic disease, age, sex, infections, results of skin-prick test and other sensitization.
Results: The probability of adenoid hypertrophy was statistically more significant (logistic regression analysis) only in children from the study group with allergic rhinitis. There were no differences in adenoid hypertrophy incidence between children with other allergic diseases and the control group. The children from the study group with adenoid hypertrophy were more often hypersensitive to pollen and moulds allergens than the children without adenoid hypertrophy (chi square test). But there were no differences in the incidence of infection, age, sex and results of skin-prick tests.
Conclusion: The result of our study suggests that the chance of adenoid hypertrophy in allergic children hypersensitive to dust mites is greater only in them with allergic rhinitis.