Colonoscopy preparation in children: safety, efficacy, and tolerance of high- versus low-volume cleansing methods

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1997 Jan;24(1):33-7. doi: 10.1097/00005176-199701000-00009.

Abstract

Background: The use of large-volume electrolyte balanced solutions as preparation for colonoscopy often results in poor patient compliance and acceptance. The tolerance, safety, and efficacy of high-versus low-volume colon-cleansing methods as preparation for colonoscopy in children were compared by randomized operator-blinded trial.

Methods: Twenty-nine children ages 3.6-14.6 years had either high-volume nasogastric balanced polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage (20 ml/kg/ h) until the effluent was clear (n = 15), or two oral doses of sodium phosphate solution (22.5-45 ml) separated by oral fluid intake (n = 14).

Results: Both preparations were equally effective. The low-volume preparation was better tolerated and caused less discomfort that the high-volume preparation, judging by serial nurse observations. The incidence of abdominal symptoms, diarrhea, sleep disturbance, and vomiting was not significantly different between the two groups. Both groups had a small reduction in mean hematocrit and serum calcium levels. The sodium phosphate preparation caused increases in mean serum sodium concentrations from 140 to 145 mmol/L and serum phosphate concentrations from 1.41 to 2.53 mmol/L. Ten hours after the commencement of the preanesthetic fast, these concentrations had returned to normal.

Conclusions: There are advantages in terms of tolerance, discomfort, and case of administration with acceptable colonic cleansing with the use of the less-invasive oral sodium phosphate low-volume colon-cleansing preparation in children. Safe use requires ensuring an adequate oral fluid intake during the preparation time and avoidance of use in patients with renal insufficiency.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Calcium / blood
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Colonoscopy / methods*
  • Electrolytes
  • Female
  • Hematocrit
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Patient Compliance
  • Phosphates / blood
  • Polyethylene Glycols
  • Sodium / blood
  • Solutions
  • Therapeutic Irrigation* / adverse effects

Substances

  • Electrolytes
  • Phosphates
  • Solutions
  • Polyethylene Glycols
  • Sodium
  • sodium phosphate
  • Calcium